{"id":1488,"date":"2025-02-22T06:50:49","date_gmt":"2025-02-22T06:50:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/?p=1488"},"modified":"2025-09-08T16:24:38","modified_gmt":"2025-09-08T16:24:38","slug":"dcsync","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/index.php\/2025\/02\/22\/dcsync\/","title":{"rendered":"DCSync"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"vce-row-container\" data-vce-boxed-width=\"true\"><div class=\"vce-row vce-row--col-gap-30 vce-row-equal-height vce-row-content--top\" id=\"el-5fd3c28f\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-5fd3c28f\"><div class=\"vce-row-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\"><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--md-auto vce-col--xs-1 vce-col--xs-last vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-last vce-col--sm-first vce-col--md-last vce-col--lg-last vce-col--xl-last vce-col--md-first vce-col--lg-first vce-col--xl-first\" id=\"el-89c96c68\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-89c96c68\"><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-89c96c68\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-690f6c8f\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-690f6c8f\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #00ff00; font-size: 14pt;\">(Insights From HTB Academy)<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-b13178ac\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-b13178ac\"><p><span style=\"color: #ffff00;\">What is DCSync?<\/span><br>DCSync is a technique used to steal the Active Directory (AD) password database by mimicking a Domain Controller (DC). It leverages the Directory Replication Service (DRS) protocol, which is used by DCs to replicate domain data. By exploiting this, an attacker can retrieve NTLM password hashes for any user in the domain.<\/p><p><span style=\"color: #ffff00;\">How Does it Work?<\/span><br>To perform a DCSync attack, the attacker needs control over an account with specific replication privileges:<br><span style=\"color: #ffff00;\">\u2022 Replicating Directory Changes<\/span><br><span style=\"color: #ffff00;\">\u2022 Replicating Directory Changes All<\/span><\/p><p>These privileges allow the account to request password data from a DC. By default, Domain Admins and Enterprise Admins have these rights, but sometimes other accounts may also be granted these permissions.<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-6899542b\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-6899542b\"><p>Steps to Perform a DCSync Attack:<\/p><p><span style=\"color: #00ff00;\">1.Identify an Account with Replication Privileges:<\/span><br>Use tools like&nbsp;Get-DomainUser&nbsp;and&nbsp;Get-ObjectAcl&nbsp;to check if an account (e.g.,&nbsp;adunn) has the necessary rights.<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-single-image-container vce-single-image--align-left\"><div class=\"vce vce-single-image-wrapper\" id=\"el-cb07fe45\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-cb07fe45\"><figure><div class=\"vce-single-image-figure-inner\" style=\"width: 960px;\"><div class=\"vce-single-image-inner vce-single-image--absolute\" style=\"width: 100%; padding-bottom: 50.9375%;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"vce-single-image\"  width=\"960\" height=\"489\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/get1-320x163.png 320w, https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/get1-480x245.png 480w, https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/get1-800x408.png 800w, https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/get1-960x489.png 960w\" src=\"https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/get1-960x489.png\" data-img-src=\"https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/get1.png\" data-attachment-id=\"1500\"  alt=\"\" title=\"get1\" \/><\/div><\/div><figcaption hidden=\"\"><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-b8ec7061\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-b8ec7061\"><p><span style=\"color: #00ff00;\">2. Extract Password Hashes:<\/span><br>Use tools like secretsdump.py (from Impacket) or Mimikatz to perform the DCSync attack.<\/p><p><span style=\"color: #ffff00;\">secretsdump.py -outputfile inlanefreight_hashes -just-dc INLANEFREIGHT\/adunn@172.16.5.5<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-single-image-container vce-single-image--align-left\"><div class=\"vce vce-single-image-wrapper\" id=\"el-3d543288\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-3d543288\"><figure><div class=\"vce-single-image-figure-inner\" style=\"width: 899px;\"><div class=\"vce-single-image-inner vce-single-image--absolute\" style=\"width: 100%; padding-bottom: 73.7486%;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"vce-single-image\"  width=\"899\" height=\"663\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Dump12-320x236.png 320w, https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Dump12-480x354.png 480w, https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Dump12-800x590.png 800w, https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Dump12-899x663.png 899w\" src=\"https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Dump12-899x663.png\" data-img-src=\"https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Dump12.png\" data-attachment-id=\"1499\"  alt=\"\" title=\"Dump12\" \/><\/div><\/div><figcaption hidden=\"\"><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-raw-html\"><div class=\"vce-raw-html-wrapper\" id=\"el-8ed753e6\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-8ed753e6\"><script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-1499161372675368\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-layout-key=\"-c2+73+2h-1m-4u\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-1499161372675368\" data-ad-slot=\"8728040126\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-single-image-container vce-single-image--align-left\"><div class=\"vce vce-single-image-wrapper\" id=\"el-9300cfc9\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-9300cfc9\"><figure><div class=\"vce-single-image-figure-inner\" style=\"width: 867px;\"><div class=\"vce-single-image-inner vce-single-image--absolute\" style=\"width: 100%; padding-bottom: 59.5156%;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"vce-single-image\"  width=\"867\" height=\"516\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Dump2-1-320x190.png 320w, https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Dump2-1-480x286.png 480w, https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Dump2-1-800x476.png 800w, https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Dump2-1-867x516.png 867w\" src=\"https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Dump2-1-867x516.png\" data-img-src=\"https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Dump2-1.png\" data-attachment-id=\"1497\"  alt=\"\" title=\"Dump2\" \/><\/div><\/div><figcaption hidden=\"\"><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-ec817d09\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-ec817d09\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-6f039238\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-6f039238\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ffff00; font-size: 14pt;\">Mimikatz Command Breakdown<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #ffff00;\">lsadump::dcsync \/domain:INLANEFREIGHT.LOCAL&nbsp; \/user:INLANEFREIGHT\\administrator<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #ffff00;\">lsadump::dcsync:<\/span><br>This&nbsp; module used for simulating the behavior of a Domain Controller (DC) to sync password data for a specific user, as if it were being requested by a legitimate domain controller during the replication process. This effectively allows an attacker to retrieve password hashes from Active Directory without needing direct access to the Domain Controller's SAM (Security Accounts Manager) database.<\/p><p><span style=\"color: #ffff00;\">\/domain:INLANEFREIGHT.LOCAL:<\/span><br>This specifies the domain from which Mimikatz will attempt to extract the password hash. In this case, it is the domain INLANEFREIGHT.LOCAL.<\/p><p><span style=\"color: #ffff00;\">\/user:INLANEFREIGHT\\administrator:<\/span><br>This specifies the target user account. In this case, it is the administrator account within the INLANEFREIGHT domain. The command will attempt to retrieve the password hash and other information for this specific user.<\/p><p>&nbsp;<\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ffff00; font-size: 14pt;\">How it works:<\/span><\/p><p><br><span style=\"color: #ffff00;\">DCSync:<\/span><br>Mimikatz sends a request to the Domain Controller as if it were part of the domain replication process (which is typically done between DCs).<\/p><p><span style=\"color: #ffff00;\">User &amp; Domain:<\/span><br>The \/user flag specifies which user's password data (specifically the NTLM hash) will be requested. The administrator account is a highly privileged user in most domains.<\/p><p><span style=\"color: #ffff00;\">Replication Behavior:<\/span><br>Since DCSync mimics the replication process, a user with sufficient privileges (like Domain Admin or similar roles) can query the Domain Controller and retrieve password data, even without directly accessing the domain database.<\/p><p><span style=\"color: #ffff00;\">Important Notes:<\/span><br><span style=\"color: #ffff00;\">Privilege Requirements:<\/span> This command typically requires high privileges, such as Domain Admin or Enterprise Admin rights, because DCSync allows access to sensitive data like password hashes and is a powerful operation.<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-single-image-container vce-single-image--align-left\"><div class=\"vce vce-single-image-wrapper\" id=\"el-69526da6\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-69526da6\"><figure><div class=\"vce-single-image-figure-inner\" style=\"width: 1020px;\"><div class=\"vce-single-image-inner vce-single-image--absolute\" style=\"width: 100%; padding-bottom: 66.7647%;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"vce-single-image\"  width=\"1020\" height=\"681\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Mimi1-320x214.png 320w, https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Mimi1-480x320.png 480w, https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Mimi1-800x534.png 800w, https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Mimi1-1020x681.png 1020w\" src=\"https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Mimi1-1020x681.png\" data-img-src=\"https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Mimi1.png\" data-attachment-id=\"1502\"  alt=\"\" title=\"Mimi1\" \/><\/div><\/div><figcaption hidden=\"\"><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-single-image-container vce-single-image--align-left\"><div class=\"vce vce-single-image-wrapper\" id=\"el-5d05caef\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-5d05caef\"><figure><div class=\"vce-single-image-figure-inner\" style=\"width: 984px;\"><div class=\"vce-single-image-inner vce-single-image--absolute\" style=\"width: 100%; padding-bottom: 54.5732%;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"vce-single-image\"  width=\"984\" height=\"537\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Mimi2-1-320x175.png 320w, https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Mimi2-1-480x262.png 480w, https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Mimi2-1-800x437.png 800w, https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Mimi2-1-984x537.png 984w\" src=\"https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Mimi2-1-984x537.png\" data-img-src=\"https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Mimi2-1.png\" data-attachment-id=\"1504\"  alt=\"\" title=\"Mimi2\" \/><\/div><\/div><figcaption hidden=\"\"><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-9071924b\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-9071924b\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #00ff00; font-size: 14pt;\">Analyze the Extracted Data<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\">The extracted data will include NTLM hashes, Kerberos keys, and possibly cleartext passwords if reversible encryption is enabled.<\/p><p><span style=\"color: #ffff00;\">Reversible Encryption:<\/span> Some accounts may store passwords using reversible encryption, which can be decrypted during the DCSync attack.<\/p><p><span style=\"color: #ffff00;\">Key Details in the Output:<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #ffff00;\">Domain:<\/span> INLANEFREIGHT.LOCAL<br><span style=\"color: #ffff00;\">Target DC:<\/span> ACADEMY-EA-DC01.INLANEFREIGHT.LOCAL<br><span style=\"color: #ffff00;\">Target User:<\/span> INLANEFREIGHT\\administrator<br><span style=\"color: #ffff00;\">User Account Control (UAC):<\/span> NORMAL_ACCOUNT and DONT_EXPIRE_PASSWD (the password does not expire)<br><span style=\"color: #ffff00;\">Password Last Change:<\/span> 10\/27\/2021 6:49:32 AM<br><span style=\"color: #ffff00;\">Object Security ID (SID):<\/span> S-1-5-21-3842939050-3880317879-2865463114-500<br><span style=\"color: #ffff00;\">Object Relative ID (RID):<\/span> 500 (the RID for the built-in Administrator account)<br><span style=\"color: #ffff00;\">NTLM Hash:<\/span> 88ad09182de639ccc6579eb0849751cf<\/p><p>This is the NTLM hash of the Administrator account's password. NTLM hashes can be used in <span style=\"color: #ffff00;\">\"pass-the-hash\"<\/span> attacks to authenticate as the user without knowing the plaintext password.<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-single-image-container vce-single-image--align-left\"><div class=\"vce vce-single-image-wrapper\" id=\"el-0e13c9db\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-0e13c9db\"><figure><div class=\"vce-single-image-figure-inner\" style=\"width: 978px;\"><div class=\"vce-single-image-inner vce-single-image--absolute\" style=\"width: 100%; padding-bottom: 28.4254%;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"vce-single-image\"  width=\"978\" height=\"278\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/py-320x91.png 320w, https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/py-480x136.png 480w, https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/py-800x227.png 800w, https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/py-978x278.png 978w\" src=\"https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/py-978x278.png\" data-img-src=\"https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/py.png\" data-attachment-id=\"1509\"  alt=\"\" title=\"py\" \/><\/div><\/div><figcaption hidden=\"\"><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-a71370bc\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-a71370bc\"><p><span style=\"color: #00ff00;\">Conclusion:<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #ffff00;\">DCSync<\/span> is a powerful attack that can lead to full domain compromise if an attacker gains control over an account with replication privileges. It\u2019s essential to regularly audit and monitor accounts with these rights to prevent such attacks.<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce vce-separator-container vce-separator--align-center vce-separator--style-solid\" id=\"el-2fa92931\" data-vce-do-apply=\"margin el-2fa92931\"><div class=\"vce-separator vce-separator--color-bfc0c1 vce-separator--width-60 vce-separator--thickness-1\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border padding background  el-2fa92931\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-3a649b74\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-3a649b74\"><p>Want to learn more and gain hands-on experience? Sign up with HTB Academy by clicking the link below.<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-button--style-basic-container vce-button--style-basic-container--align-center\"><span class=\"vce-button--style-basic-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-0479cd5a\" data-vce-do-apply=\"margin el-0479cd5a\"><a class=\"vce-button vce-button--style-basic vce-button--style-basic--border-rounded vce-button--style-basic--size-medium vce-button--style-basic--color-b-138-198-10--fff\" href=\"https:\/\/hacktheboxltd.sjv.io\/19DPP6\" title=\"\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding border background  el-0479cd5a\">JOIN NOW<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>(Insights From HTB Academy)What is DCSync?DCSync is a technique used to steal the Active Directory (AD) password database by mimicking a Domain Controller (DC). It leverages the Directory Replication Service (DRS) protocol, which is used by DCs to replicate domain data. By exploiting this, an attacker can retrieve NTLM password hashes for any user in [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2020,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"site-container-style":"default","site-container-layout":"default","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-transparent-header":"default","prose-style":"enable","disable-article-header":"default","disable-site-header":"default","disable-site-footer":"default","disable-content-area-spacing":"default","footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1488","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-active-directory"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1488","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1488"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1488\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2063,"href":"https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1488\/revisions\/2063"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2020"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1488"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1488"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hackmybox.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1488"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}